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POETRY NOTES

Figurative Language:  Words used to describe something by comparing it with something else. Any language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to create an image. “Figure of speech”.

Simile:  A comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as”

        Example:            His feet were as big as boats.

                                    The team fought like Roman soldiers.

Metaphor:  A comparison ff two unlike things with no comparison word (like or as)

        Example:            We would’ve had more pizza is Steve hadn’t been such a hog

Personification:  A type of metaphor where human qualities are given to something nonhuman (animal, object or idea)

        Example:            The rain kissed my cheek as it fell

                                    The car engine coughed when it stalled in the blizzard.

Imagery:  A word or phrase used to see color, motion, sound, smell, feel a texture or temperature or even taste.        

        Example:            The roar of the crowd…

                                    The pitter patter of rain against the window

Alliteration:  the repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words to create sound in poetry.

        Example:            She sells sea shells down by the sea shore.

                                    Kyle couldn’t keep quality conversation flowing.

                                    Do or die, safe and sound

Assonance:  repetition of a vowel wound anywhere in a word to create sounds in poetry.

        Example:            free and easy, load and moat

Consonance:  repetition of a consonant sound in the middle or end of words to create sound in poetry

        Example:            I dropped the locket in the thick mud.

                                    Hot and cat,  cook and cake, rhyming words

Onomatopoeia:  the use of words that sound like what they mean

        Example: buzz, swish, sizzle, screetch

Creating Sounds in Poetry

Rhythm in poetry can be created by:

• stanza division (Ex. Cat)
• rhyme

• Repeated sounds give poems musical quality
• Not required in poetry, but a choice
• Rarely more than four lines apart   (Ex. Miss Muffett)

• Meter

• A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables (Ex.  Dust of Snow)

 Rhyme, rhythm, onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonance and consonance all create sounds of poetry also.

Repetition is a word or phrase used more than once for emphasis

• Creates rhythm
• Alliteration, assonance and consonance are all forms of repetition
• (Ex.  I Remember, De Witt Williams,  Forgotten)

 HAIKU

Background: 

• Invented by the Japanese Master Basho
• Traditionally about nature and peace
• Follows the pattern of 5-7-5 syllables

Example 1:               All that remains of

                                    Those brave warriors’ dreamings-

                                    These summer grasses

Example 2:               The petals tremble

                                    On yellow mountain rose

                                    Roar of the rapids

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